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Answer:

Due to the tilt of the Earth, the Equator is closer to the sun so receives more of its energy. The Equator has a smaller surface area so heats up quickly compared to the poles. There is less atmosphere to pass through at the Equator compared to the poles.

Explanation:
The equator, however, receives relatively consistent sunlight all year. ... Less energy per unit area means lower overall temperatures. The axial tilt means that each pole receives constant sunlight during its summer when the pole is pointed toward the Sun.